Bài tập Bài Tập Trắc nghiệm Tiếng Anh 12 Unit 10 Reading có đáp án - Đề 03 được xây dựng với nhiều câu hỏi chất lượng, sát với nội dung chương trình học, giúp bạn dễ dàng ôn tập và kiểm tra kiến thức hiệu quả. Hãy cùng bắt đầu làm bài tập trắc nghiệm ngay để nâng cao hiểu biết và chuẩn bị tốt cho kỳ thi sắp tới!
Câu 1: Read the following passage and answer the question.
The Sumatran rhinoceros, once found throughout Southeast Asia, is now critically endangered, with fewer than 80 individuals remaining, primarily on the islands of Sumatra and Borneo. Their decline is attributed mainly to poaching for their horns, which are used in traditional medicine, and severe habitat loss due to deforestation for palm oil plantations and logging. Conservation efforts include anti-poaching patrols and attempts at captive breeding, but success has been limited due to challenges in breeding and high calf mortality.
What are the primary reasons for the critical endangerment of the Sumatran rhinoceros, according to the passage?
- A. Climate change and natural disasters.
- B. Disease and limited food sources.
- C. Poaching and habitat loss.
- D. Invasive species and interspecies competition.
Câu 2: Based on the passage about the Sumatran rhinoceros, what does the word "attributed" most closely mean in this context?
- A. Considered as being caused by.
- B. Protected or shielded from.
- C. Known to coexist with.
- D. Identified as unrelated to.
Câu 3: According to the passage about the Sumatran rhinoceros, what is a significant challenge faced by captive breeding programs for this species?
- A. Lack of funding.
- B. Difficulty finding suitable mates.
- C. Resistance from local communities.
- D. Problems with breeding success and calf survival.
Câu 4: Which of the following is the most likely consequence of severe habitat loss for a species?
- A. Increased genetic diversity.
- B. Population decline and increased risk of extinction.
- C. Expansion of the species" geographic range.
- D. Improved adaptation to environmental changes.
Câu 5: A local government is considering establishing a protected area to save a specific endangered bird species. Based on conservation principles, what is the most crucial factor to consider when selecting the location and size of this area?
- A. Whether the area includes critical habitat elements and is large enough to support a viable population.
- B. The potential for tourism revenue from the area.
- C. How easily the area can be accessed by researchers.
- D. The cost of acquiring the land compared to other available areas.
Câu 6: What is the primary difference between a species classified as "Endangered" and one classified as "Threatened" by organizations like the IUCN?
- A. Endangered species are only found in one location, while Threatened species are found globally.
- B. Endangered species have recovered significantly, while Threatened species are just starting to decline.
- C. Endangered species face a very high risk of extinction in the immediate future, while Threatened species are likely to become endangered in the near future.
- D. Endangered species are protected by law, while Threatened species are not.
Câu 7: Read the following text about the Giant Panda.
The Giant Panda, a symbol of wildlife conservation, is native to bamboo forests in mountainous regions of China. For decades, its population suffered due to habitat destruction and fragmentation caused by human activities, as well as low reproductive rates. Intensive conservation efforts by the Chinese government and international organizations, including establishing large panda reserves, creating wildlife corridors, and implementing captive breeding programs, have led to a significant increase in their population. In 2016, the IUCN reclassified the Giant Panda from "Endangered" to "Vulnerable".
Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the Giant Panda"s historical population decline?
- A. Habitat destruction.
- B. Habitat fragmentation.
- C. Low reproductive rates.
- D. Poaching for fur.
Câu 8: Based on the text about the Giant Panda, what does the reclassification from "Endangered" to "Vulnerable" indicate?
- A. The species is now safe and no longer needs protection.
- B. The species" risk of extinction has decreased, but it is still considered threatened.
- C. The species has become more widespread globally.
- D. Conservation efforts have failed, and the population is declining faster.
Câu 9: Biodiversity is crucial for ecosystem health. Which of the following best explains why a high level of biodiversity makes an ecosystem more resilient to changes?
- A. It ensures that all species have the exact same diet.
- B. It reduces the total number of individual organisms.
- C. It provides a wider range of species with different adaptations, increasing the chance that some can survive and maintain ecosystem functions.
- D. It causes more competition, making individual species weaker.
Câu 10: Which of the following human activities is considered a major cause of habitat fragmentation?
- A. Building roads and urban areas through forests.
- B. Implementing protected breeding programs.
- C. Developing sustainable fishing practices.
- D. Conducting scientific research on animal behavior.
Câu 11: An environmental report states that a certain fish species is declining due to "eutrophication" in the lake. Based on your understanding of environmental issues, what is the most likely cause of eutrophication?
- A. Overfishing by commercial boats.
- B. Excessive nutrients entering the water, often from pollution like agricultural runoff.
- C. The introduction of an invasive predator species.
- D. A sudden decrease in water temperature.
Câu 12: Read the following passage:
Invasive species pose a significant threat to native biodiversity. These are species introduced to an area outside their natural range, often by human activity. Lacking natural predators or controls in the new environment, they can outcompete native species for resources, spread diseases, or directly prey on native wildlife, leading to declines and even extinctions of native populations.
According to the passage, why can invasive species be so harmful to native ecosystems?
- A. They only eat non-native plants.
- B. They are usually smaller and weaker than native species.
- C. They often lack natural predators and compete aggressively with native species.
- D. They improve soil quality and water purity.
Câu 13: Based on the passage about invasive species, what does the term "outcompete" mean in the context of invasive species and native species?
- A. To be more successful than others in getting resources.
- B. To cooperate with other species.
- C. To avoid interaction with native species.
- D. To help native species grow faster.
Câu 14: What is the main purpose of establishing wildlife corridors?
- A. To provide areas for recreational hunting.
- B. To completely isolate animal populations.
- C. To prevent any human access to wild areas.
- D. To connect fragmented habitats, allowing wildlife movement.
Câu 15: Compare and contrast "in-situ" and "ex-situ" conservation methods. Which statement accurately describes a key difference?
- A. In-situ methods are always more expensive than ex-situ methods.
- B. In-situ conservation protects species in their natural habitat, while ex-situ conservation protects them outside their natural habitat.
- C. Ex-situ methods involve restoring degraded habitats, while in-situ methods focus on captive breeding.
- D. In-situ methods are only used for plants, while ex-situ methods are only used for animals.
Câu 16: A conservation scientist is studying a rare insect species whose population has plummeted. Which initial research question is most essential to answer to develop an effective conservation plan?
- A. Can this insect be successfully bred in captivity?
- B. What is the maximum lifespan of this insect?
- C. What are the primary threats causing the population decline?
- D. How many other insect species live in the same area?
Câu 17: Read the following text:
Climate change is increasingly impacting biodiversity. Rising global temperatures can alter habitats, shift ecosystems, and change the timing of seasonal events like flowering or migration. For species that are highly adapted to specific conditions or rely on precise timing, these changes can disrupt food sources, breeding cycles, and migration patterns, making survival difficult and increasing the risk of extinction.
How does climate change primarily threaten species, according to the passage?
- A. By altering habitats and disrupting ecological processes essential for survival.
- B. By directly causing pollution in rivers and oceans.
- C. By increasing instances of illegal poaching.
- D. By introducing invasive species to new areas.
Câu 18: What is the generally accepted definition of a species being "extinct"?
- A. The species only exists in captivity.
- B. There are no living individuals of the species remaining.
- C. The species is found in very low numbers in the wild.
- D. The species has migrated to a different continent.
Câu 19: Which of the following scenarios is an example of an indirect threat to an endangered species?
- A. A predator hunting the species.
- B. A disease outbreak within the population.
- C. Illegal poachers hunting the species for body parts.
- D. Consumer demand for products that cause habitat destruction.
Câu 20: Read the following description of a plant conservation effort.
A project aims to save the "Ghost Orchid", a rare plant that relies on specific fungi in the soil and requires very particular wetland conditions. Conservationists are working to protect its wetland habitat from drainage and pollution. They are also attempting to propagate the orchid in labs by cultivating the necessary fungi, hoping to reintroduce it to suitable areas.
What makes conserving the Ghost Orchid particularly challenging, based on the description?
- A. Its dependence on specific environmental conditions and other organisms (fungi).
- B. The fact that it is a type of flower.
- C. The difficulty in finding any remaining plants.
- D. Its vulnerability to being eaten by animals.
Câu 21: Based on the description of the Ghost Orchid project, which conservation approach is being attempted in addition to protecting its natural habitat?
- A. Reducing poaching.
- B. Establishing wildlife corridors.
- C. Captive propagation and reintroduction.
- D. Controlling invasive species.
Câu 22: What does the term "biodiversity hotspot" refer to?
- A. An area with extremely high temperatures.
- B. A region with a high number of endemic species that is under threat.
- C. A place where many different climates meet.
- D. An area that has lost all its native species.
Câu 23: A rural community traditionally relies on hunting bushmeat, but the target species is now endangered. Which approach represents the most sustainable way to address this while considering both conservation and community needs?
- A. Work with the community to find alternative food sources or sustainable livelihoods that do not involve hunting the endangered species.
- B. Completely ban all hunting and punish anyone caught hunting the species.
- C. Move the entire community away from the habitat of the endangered species.
- D. Increase the population of the endangered species so hunting can continue.
Câu 24: Read the following about the IUCN Red List categories:
The IUCN Red List uses categories like Extinct, Extinct in the Wild, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Least Concern, Data Deficient, and Not Evaluated. These categories provide a snapshot of a species" risk of extinction based on criteria like population size, rate of decline, geographic range, and fragmentation.
What is the primary purpose of classifying species into these different IUCN categories?
- A. To determine the monetary value of a species.
- B. To identify which species are the most popular pets.
- C. To decide which species should be hunted.
- D. To assess and communicate the relative risk of extinction for species.
Câu 25: Based on the IUCN Red List categories, which category indicates the highest level of threat to a species" survival in the wild?
- A. Vulnerable.
- B. Critically Endangered.
- C. Near Threatened.
- D. Extinct in the Wild.
Câu 26: International cooperation is often vital for conserving migratory species. Why is this the case?
- A. Because migratory species often cross international borders and rely on habitats in multiple countries.
- B. Because only international organizations have the funds to protect them.
- C. Because national laws do not apply to birds or fish.
- D. Because migratory species are not important to local ecosystems.
Câu 27: A large dam is constructed on a river, flooding a significant area upstream. Which of the following is the most probable negative impact on fish species that migrate upstream to spawn?
- A. Increased water flow making migration easier.
- B. Creation of new spawning habitats below the dam.
- C. Reduced water temperature, which is beneficial for spawning.
- D. Blocking access to essential upstream spawning grounds.
Câu 28: Read the following statement about captive breeding:
Captive breeding programs involve breeding endangered species in controlled environments like zoos or research centers with the aim of increasing their numbers and potentially reintroducing them into the wild. While successful for some species, challenges include maintaining genetic diversity, high costs, and ensuring animals born in captivity can survive in the wild.
What is a potential limitation of captive breeding programs mentioned in the text?
- A. They are always unsuccessful.
- B. Difficulty in maintaining genetic diversity and ensuring survival after reintroduction.
- C. They reduce public awareness about endangered species.
- D. They cause habitat destruction.
Câu 29: How do public awareness campaigns typically contribute to the conservation of endangered species?
- A. They directly increase the population size of the species.
- B. They physically protect habitats from destruction.
- C. They educate people about the importance of conservation and encourage supportive actions.
- D. They introduce new species to boost biodiversity.
Câu 30: Read the following short argument:
Protecting endangered species is not just about saving individual animals; it"s crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems. Every species plays a role, and the loss of one can have cascading effects on others, potentially disrupting essential ecosystem services like pollination, pest control, or water purification that humans rely on. Therefore, conservation is fundamentally important for human well-being as well as environmental health.
What is the author"s main argument in this text?
- A. Conserving endangered species is essential for maintaining healthy ecosystems and human well-being.
- B. Only certain endangered species are important to protect.
- C. Humans do not rely on ecosystem services.
- D. The loss of one species has no impact on others.
